# Image credits

All images are public domain (artists dead more than 70 years, or photographs released into the public domain), downloaded from Wikimedia Commons. Thumbnails resized to 1280 px wide, progressive JPEG, quality 80.

| File | Work | Collection | Commons file | Used on |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bosch-conjurer.jpg | Hieronymus Bosch and workshop, The Conjurer, c. 1502 | Musée Municipal, Saint-Germain-en-Laye | [Hieronymus Bosch 051.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hieronymus_Bosch_051.jpg) | Home, Videos |
| latour-cheat.jpg | Georges de La Tour, The Cheat with the Ace of Diamonds, c. 1636–38 | Musée du Louvre | [Le Tricheur à l'as de carreau - Georges de La Tour - Musée du Louvre Peintures RF 1972 8.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Le_Tricheur_à_l'as_de_carreau_-_Georges_de_La_Tour_-_Musée_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_1972_8.jpg) | Dennett |
| hogarth-perspective.jpg | After William Hogarth, Satire on False Perspective, 1754 |  | [William Hogarth - Absurd perspectives.png](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Hogarth_-_Absurd_perspectives.png) | Dennett |
| saenredam-cave.jpg | Jan Saenredam after Cornelis van Haarlem, Plato's Cave, 1604 |  | [Platon Cave Sanraedam 1604.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Platon_Cave_Sanraedam_1604.jpg) | Dennett |
| fludd-imagination.jpg | Robert Fludd, the eye of the imagination, 1617–19 |  | [Oculus imaginationis inTractatus 1 Section 2 Portion 3 Robert Fludd’s Ars Memoriae Fludd, 1617.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oculus_imaginationis_inTractatus_1_Section_2_Portion_3_Robert_Fludd’s_Ars_Memoriae_Fludd,_1617.jpg) | Dennett, Glossary |
| holbein-ambassadors.jpg | Hans Holbein the Younger, The Ambassadors, 1533 | National Gallery, London | [Hans_Holbein_the_Younger_-_The_Ambassadors_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hans_Holbein_the_Younger_-_The_Ambassadors_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) | Frankish |
| muller-lyer.jpg | The Müller-Lyer figure, after Franz Brentano, 1892 |  | [Müller-Lyer illusion - Franz Bretano - 1892.png](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Müller-Lyer_illusion_-_Franz_Bretano_-_1892.png) | Frankish |
| monet-impression.jpg | Claude Monet, Impression, Sunrise, 1872 | Musée Marmottan Monet | [Monet - Impression, Sunrise.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Monet_-_Impression,_Sunrise.jpg) | Humphrey |
| latour-magdalene.jpg | Georges de La Tour, Magdalene with the Night Light, c. 1640–45 | Musée du Louvre | [Georges de La Tour - Magdalen of Night Light - WGA12337.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Georges_de_La_Tour_-_Magdalen_of_Night_Light_-_WGA12337.jpg) | Graziano |
| cajal-cortex.jpg | Santiago Ramón y Cajal, drawings of the cerebral cortex, c. 1899 |  | [Cajal cortex drawings.png](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cajal_cortex_drawings.png) | The Churchlands |
| aristotle-bust.jpg | Portrait of Aristotle, Roman copy after Lysippos | Palazzo Altemps, Rome; photo Jastrow, public domain | [Aristotle Altemps Inv8575.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aristotle_Altemps_Inv8575.jpg) | Aristotle |
| hals-descartes.jpg | After Frans Hals, Portrait of René Descartes | Musée du Louvre | [Frans Hals - Portret van René Descartes.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frans_Hals_-_Portret_van_René_Descartes.jpg) | Descartes |
| descartes-pineal.jpg | Illustration from Descartes' Treatise of Man, 1664 |  | [Descartes mind and body.gif](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Descartes_mind_and_body.gif) | Descartes, Videos |
| ruisdael-windmill.jpg | Jacob van Ruisdael, The Windmill at Wijk bij Duurstede, c. 1670 | Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam | [De molen bij Wijk bij Duurstede Rijksmuseum SK-C-211.jpeg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:De_molen_bij_Wijk_bij_Duurstede_Rijksmuseum_SK-C-211.jpeg) | Leibniz, Videos |
| hume-ramsay.jpg | Allan Ramsay, David Hume, 1766 | Scottish National Portrait Gallery | [David Hume Ramsay.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:David_Hume_Ramsay.jpg) | Hume, Seth (two-tone figure) |
| monet-saint-lazare.jpg | Claude Monet, The Saint-Lazare Station, 1877 | Musée d'Orsay | [Claude Monet - The Saint-Lazare Station - Google Art Project.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Claude_Monet_-_The_Saint-Lazare_Station_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) | Huxley |
| huxley-vanity-fair.jpg | Carlo Pellegrini ("Ape"), Thomas Henry Huxley, Vanity Fair, 1871 |  | [HuxleyVanityFair.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HuxleyVanityFair.jpg) | Huxley |
| turner-oxford.jpg | J. M. W. Turner, High Street, Oxford, 1810 | Ashmolean Museum, Oxford | [High Street, Oxford (painting), by Turner (1810) crop.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:High_Street,_Oxford_(painting),_by_Turner_(1810)_crop.jpg) | Ryle |
| turk-automaton.jpg | Joseph Friedrich zu Racknitz, the Mechanical Turk, 1789 |  | [Racknitz - The Turk 3.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Racknitz_-_The_Turk_3.jpg) | Turing, Videos |
| jennings-lightning.jpg | William N. Jennings, photograph of lightning, 1882 |  | [Igoe 3-Jennings-First-Photograph-of-Lightning.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Igoe_3-Jennings-First-Photograph-of-Lightning.jpg) | Place and Smart |
| arcimboldo-vertumnus.jpg | Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Vertumnus, 1591 | Skokloster Castle | [Vertumnus årstidernas gud målad av Giuseppe Arcimboldo 1591 - Skoklosters slott - 91503.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vertumnus_årstidernas_gud_målad_av_Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_1591_-_Skoklosters_slott_-_91503.jpg) | Putnam, Videos |
| haeckel-bats.jpg | Ernst Haeckel, Chiroptera, Art Forms in Nature, 1904 |  | [Haeckel Chiroptera.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Haeckel_Chiroptera.jpg) | Nagel, Videos |
| goya-sleep-of-reason.jpg | Francisco Goya, The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters, 1799 |  | [Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes - The sleep of reason produces monsters (No. 43), from Los Caprichos - Google Art Project.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Francisco_José_de_Goya_y_Lucientes_-_The_sleep_of_reason_produces_monsters_(No._43),_from_Los_Caprichos_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) | Nagel |
| antonello-jerome.jpg | Antonello da Messina, Saint Jerome in his Study, c. 1475 | National Gallery, London | [Antonello da Messina - St Jerome in his study - National Gallery London.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Antonello_da_Messina_-_St_Jerome_in_his_study_-_National_Gallery_London.jpg) | Searle, Reading |
| goethe-colour-wheel.jpg | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, colour wheel, 1809 | Freies Deutsches Hochstift, Frankfurt | [Goethe, Farbenkreis zur Symbolisierung des menschlichen Geistes- und Seelenlebens, 1809.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Goethe,_Farbenkreis_zur_Symbolisierung_des_menschlichen_Geistes-_und_Seelenlebens,_1809.jpg) | Jackson |
| bruegel-babel.jpg | Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Tower of Babel, 1563 | Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna | [Pieter Bruegel the Elder - The Tower of Babel (Vienna) - Google Art Project - edited.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pieter_Bruegel_the_Elder_-_The_Tower_of_Babel_(Vienna)_-_Google_Art_Project_-_edited.jpg) | Block, Compare |
| fuseli-nightmare.jpg | Henry Fuseli, The Nightmare, 1781 | Detroit Institute of Arts | [Johann Heinrich Füssli - The Nightmare 55.5.A-d1-2019-04-15.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Johann_Heinrich_Füssli_-_The_Nightmare_55.5.A-d1-2019-04-15.jpg) | Seth |
| rossetti-met-themselves.jpg | Dante Gabriel Rossetti, How They Met Themselves, c. 1860–64 | Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge | [Dante Gabriel Rossetti - How They Met Themselves (1860-64 circa).jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dante_Gabriel_Rossetti_-_How_They_Met_Themselves_(1860-64_circa).jpg) | Chalmers, Videos |
| galileo-sustermans.jpg | Justus Sustermans, Portrait of Galileo Galilei, 1636 | Uffizi Galleries, Florence | [Justus Sustermans - Portrait of Galileo Galilei, 1636.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Justus_Sustermans_-_Portrait_of_Galileo_Galilei,_1636.jpg) | Goff |
| redon-eye-balloon.jpg | Odilon Redon, The Eye, Like a Strange Balloon, Moves Towards Infinity, 1882 | Art Institute of Chicago | [Redon - The Eye, Like a Strange Balloon Moves Towards Infinity, plate one from To Edgar Poe, 1920.1570.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Redon_-_The_Eye,_Like_a_Strange_Balloon_Moves_Towards_Infinity,_plate_one_from_To_Edgar_Poe,_1920.1570.jpg) | Goff, Videos |
| wright-air-pump.jpg | Joseph Wright of Derby, An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump, 1768 | National Gallery, London | [An Experiment on a Bird in an Air Pump by Joseph Wright of Derby, 1768.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:An_Experiment_on_a_Bird_in_an_Air_Pump_by_Joseph_Wright_of_Derby,_1768.jpg) | Lab |
| wright-orrery.jpg | Joseph Wright of Derby, A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery, c. 1766 | Derby Museum and Art Gallery | [Joseph Wright of Derby - Philosopher giving a lecture on the orrery - Google Art Project.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Joseph_Wright_of_Derby_-_Philosopher_giving_a_lecture_on_the_orrery_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) | About |
| leiden-library.jpg | Willem Swanenburg after Jan Cornelis Woudanus, The University Library at Leiden, 1610 |  | [De Leidse Universiteitsbibliotheek, ca. 1610 - BBB-80.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:De_Leidse_Universiteitsbibliotheek,_ca._1610_-_BBB-80.jpg) | Popper |
| darwin-cameron.jpg | Julia Margaret Cameron, Charles Darwin, 1868 |  | [Charles Darwin by Julia Margaret Cameron, c. 1868.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Charles_Darwin_by_Julia_Margaret_Cameron,_c._1868.jpg) | Popper |
| flammarion.jpg | The Flammarion engraving, from Camille Flammarion's L'atmosphère, 1888 |  | [The Flammarion Engraving (ca. 1888).jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Flammarion_Engraving_(ca._1888).jpg) | Deutsch |
| jacquard-portrait.jpg | Portrait of Joseph Marie Jacquard, woven in silk, 1839 |  | [Jacquard Joseph Marie woven silk.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jacquard_Joseph_Marie_woven_silk.jpg) | Deutsch |
| bach-haussmann.jpg | Elias Gottlob Haussmann, Johann Sebastian Bach, 1748 |  | [Johann Sebastian Bach.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Johann_Sebastian_Bach.jpg) | Hofstadter |
| ouroboros.jpg | Ouroboros, Greek alchemical manuscript copied by Theodoros Pelecanos, 1478 |  | [Serpiente alquimica.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Serpiente_alquimica.jpg) | Hofstadter |
| rousseau-dream.jpg | Henri Rousseau, The Dream, 1910 | Museum of Modern Art, New York | [Henri Rousseau - Le Rêve - Google Art Project.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henri_Rousseau_-_Le_Rêve_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg) | Joscha Bach |
| caravaggio-narcissus.jpg | Attributed to Caravaggio, Narcissus, c. 1597–99 | Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, Rome | [Narcissus-Caravaggio (1594-96) edited.jpg](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Narcissus-Caravaggio_(1594-96)_edited.jpg) | Joscha Bach |